Glossary of Jewellery Terms


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14 Karat This gold is 14 parts of gold to 10 parts other metals, such as copper, nickel, etc. The gold content of a piece of jewellery is measured in Karats, which can range from 1 to 24. This level of purity in Gold is quite common in the West, a lot of the jewellery produced there is of this karatage.

18 Karat (18k) gold is 18 parts of gold to 6 parts other metals, such as copper, nickel, etc. The gold content of a piece of jewellery is measured in Karats, which can range from 1 to 24. 18 Karat gold is the most widely used gold to produce studded jewellery. This is so because 22 karat is too soft to set any stones.

22 Karat (22k) gold is 22 parts of gold to 2 parts of other metals, such as copper, nickel, etc. The gold content of a piece of jewellery is measured in Karats, which can range from 1 to 24. 22 karat is most widely used in India to make gold jewellery.

24 Karat (24k) gold is pure gold containing no other metals. The gold content of a piece of jewellery is measured in Karats, which can range from 1 to 24. 24 karat is the purest karatage of Gold. Coins and other Bullion is usually of this karatage


Alloy
Alloy is a metallurgical term that refers to a mixture of two or more metals. Most metals used in jewellery are alloyed together, either to alter the metal's color, or to give it greater strength.

Baguettes
Baguettes are small, rectangular-shaped stones with facets.

Band
A band is simply a ring that is the same width all the way around.

Bangle
A bangle is a stiff bracelet that slips over the hand or is clasped on.

Bead
A bead is a stone cut into a small sphere shape.

Beveled
Beveled is the name given to an angled part or surface. This is usually an angle other than a right angle.

Bezel
A bezel is any part that incorporates a continuous groove to fit something, generally a stone. The metal at the top of the groove is then burnished over the edge of the mounted item to hold it, forming a setting.

Birthstones
Each month has a particular gemstone associated with it, called a birthstone.

Brilliant cut
A cutting style in diamonds that creates a round stone having 57 or 58 facets that are mathematically devised to produce the greatest brilliance. Also called a full cut.

Brooch
A brooch is an ornamental piece of jewellery with a pin and clasp that allows it to be attached to clothing.


Cable Chain
A style of chain whose links are round and uniform in size.

Cabochon
A domed gemstone with a highly polished, curved surface and no faceting. Seen often in rings.

Carat
Carat is a unit of weight for gemstones. 100 points equal one Carat. One Carat equals one-fifth of a gram. This term is often confused with karat, which is a measure of the purity of gold.

Chain
A chain is a series of connected loops, links, rings, or beads used to create bracelets or necklaces.

Channel Setting
In a channel setting, two strips of metal (gold, platinum or silver) hold the gemstone(s) in place at the sides, with no metal between the stones. This type of setting protects the girdle area of the gemstone, as well as securing small stones more effectively than a prong setting. Channel-set gemstones also sit flush with the mounting, making them less likely to get snagged on other objects, such as hair or clothing.

Charm
A charm is a decorative pendant or trinket worn on a bracelet, necklace or earring.

Clasp
Any type of attachment that connects two ends of a piece of jewellery.

Clip-Back or Clip-On
Earrings designed for non-pierced ears. Works like a hinge to secure the earring to the earlobe.

Comfort Back
A rubber or plastic pad that goes over the clip of a clip earring to cushion the earlobe.

Cultured Pearl
Created through a painstaking process of mimicking the natural pearl process in live mollusks. A pearl is formed as a result of implanting a piece of mantle from a mollusk into another host mollusk.

Dangle (or Drop) Earrings
Any earring that hangs below the earlobe.

Diamond-Cut
A process where angled cuts are made into gold, giving it a unique appearance..


Diamond-Cut Rope
A style of chain in which a portion of the chain is cut away at an angle, then polished to a high shine.

Earring Back
An earring back is a disk or bead that fits over an earring post to hold the earring securely in place.

Earring Jacket
An earring jacket is an accessory designed to be worn with a stud as a decorative backdrop.

Electroplating
The process of covering a base metal with a thin film of gold. The base metal is set in a chemical solution which, as an electric current flows through it, coats it with precious metal.

Embossed
A mechanical process done under considerable heat and pressure that permanently imprints a variety of unique grain effects into a surface.

Emerald Cut
A type of cutting style that is usually rectangular, but sometimes square, with rows of step cuts along the edges and at the corners. Step cuts are often found in diamonds.

Enamel Coloring
Enamel coloring is opaque, glassy material that is fused onto metal, pottery or glass.

Facet
A facet is the flat, polished plane that is cut into the surface of a stone, helping to enhance its reflection of light.

Filigree
Filigree is the name given to the lace-like ornamental work made from intricately arranged, intertwined wires.

Finding
Findings are the parts that jewelers use in making jewellery. They can include clasps, hooks, pin backs and earring backs.

Freshwater Pearl
An irregularly shaped pearl that has been formed by a mussel living in a lake or river.

Genuine Pearl
Pearls are the result of an incredible natural process that occurs within an oyster's shell. The process begins with some kind of irritant (perhaps a grain of sand or small parasite) being introduced into the oyster's shell. In response to the invasion, the oyster coats the object with nacre, a smooth, crystalline substance that surrounds the object and forms layers to protect the oyster's inner tissue (called the mantle) from further irritation. The result of this process is the beautifully luminescent gem we know as a pearl

Gold-Filled
Gold-filled jewellery is made by joining or bonding (under heat and pressure) layers of a karat gold to a base metal. This "sandwich" is then rolled or drawn to the desired thickness.

Gold Finish
A type finish that gives jewellery the appearance of gold.

Gold-Plated
Gold-plated jewellery is made by bonding 10-karat or better gold to a base metal. The karat gold content may be less than 1/20, but must be properly identified as a percentage of the total content.

Green Gold
Green gold is an alloy of gold, silver, zinc and often cadmium.

High Polish
A surface that is polished to a mirror-like finish.

Hoop Earring
A hoop earring is a circular earring made from metal wire or tubing. Variations include the traditional shape as well as hoops with charms and other ornaments hung from the hoop.


Ingot
An ingot is a metal bar or other shape that is used in jewellery making.

Karat or Karatage
Karatage is an expression of the measurement of gold purity (since gold is in fact a mixture of gold and other metals). Pure gold is 24-Karat (24K), 18-Karat gold is 75% pure, etc.

Links
Series of loops that make up a chain.

Marquise
Marquise is a shape into which diamonds and other gemstones are cut. It is an oval with tapered, pointed ends.

Matte
In jewellery, matte refers to any non-shiny, frosted surface.

Mesh or Mesh Style
A chain that is fabric-like and woven of fine wire.

Pavé Setting
In pavé setting, gemstones are fit into small holes and set almost level with the surface of the ring. They are set in rows, with no metal between them, giving the appearance of the gemstones having been paved (Pavé is French for paved), like a cobblestone road.

Pendant
A pendant is an ornament suspended from a single chain.

Pierced Earrings
Earrings designed for wear in ears that are pierced. A wire or post is inserted through the ear lobe. Clip-Back Earrings are designed for use in ears that are not pierced.

Point
Each carat in a diamond's weight is divided into 100 parts, called "points." A 1-Carat diamond has 100 points, a ¾ Carat has 75 points, etc. Points in a fraction of one carat are measured within ranges, so that a ¾ Carat diamond may have between .69 and .82 points and still be considered a ¾ carat.

Polish
Polishing is a process used to make metal smooth and glossy. It also increases shine and eliminates flaws.

Post
A post is a pin-like finding attached to an earring. It passes through the pierced earlobe, and may be held in place by a back.

Precious Stones
Precious stones are rare and costly gems such as diamonds, emeralds, rubies and sapphires.

Princess Cut
A princess cut is a style in which diamonds and other gems are cut that is square or rectangular in shape. Princess-cut stones can have between 57 and 70 facets and varying proportions.

Prong
A prong is one of several claw-like wires that is used to hold a stone in place. The most common number of prongs is four or six, although the number can vary depending on the shape of the stone they are securing.

Quartz
Quartz is a crystalline mineral used for gems, that includes amethyst and rock crystal. It is available in a variety of colors.

Radiant Cut
Radiant refers to a cutting style in which diamonds and other gems are into a square or rectangle that has clipped-off corners. A radiant cut is similar to an Emerald Cut.

Rhodium
Rhodium is a white, metallic element. A Rhodium finish is usually applied to gold jewellery to give the effect of white gold.

Ring
A ring is a piece of jewellery that is usually worn on the fingers (sometimes toes) and slides on and off.

Ring Guard
A ring that's worn above another ring to keep it from slipping off the finger.

Rope Chain
A rope chain is a style of chain with a spiral appearance that gives the effect of two thick strands that have been woven together.

Rose Gold
Rose gold is the name given to an alloy of gold and copper.

Satin Finish
Satin is a type of matte finish made by sandblasting, brushing with a stiff wire brush or chemically altering a shiny metallic surface. A satin finish has a soft, pearl-like luster instead of a bright polish.

Screw-Back
A screw-back is a vise-like clamp that holds a non-pierced earring on the ear by a screw that can be tightened against the earlobe.

Semi-Precious Stones
Semi-precious stones are naturally occuring stones that include amethyst, aventurine, carnelian, garnet, opal and rose quartzes.